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Habitat requirements of snow leopard and the level of landscape connectivity of Nepal and Tibet
Ležík, Jakub ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
Habitat requirements of snow leopard and the level of landscape connectivity of Nepal and Tibet Abstract This master's thesis deals with the issues of assessing habitat requirements of animals and the level of landscape connectivity for their movement. This dynamically developing branch of biogeography has a great potential for application in answering questions about species' conserving and for the understanding of landscape as functionally interconnected complex. In review part of this thesis there are summarized theoretical basics and practical methods of evaluating the level of landscape connectivity. Second part presents the analysis of habitat requirements of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) and the level of landscape connectivity of mountainous regions of Nepal and adjacent regions of India and Tibet for its movement. This rare felidae predator is endangered by increasing intensity of human activities in its geographic range as well as by global climate change, which leads to reduction of area of suitable habitat and its fragmentation. For effective conservation of this species it is necessary to understand snow leopard's living requirements and to delineate key areas for its survival. Results of the analysis are discussed with other published researches concerning this topic in final part of this...
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Conservation genetics of grey wolf and snow leopard: effect of landscape attributes to the population structure
Benešová, Markéta ; Hulva, Pavel (advisor) ; Kreisinger, Jakub (referee)
Landscape genetic approaches allow to study effects of landscape to population microevolution. Landscape can influence gene flow even in large carnivores with good dispersal ability. Understanding the influence of landscape to the gene flow between populations is crucial for species conservation, especially in the species with low population densities. Aim of the study was to describe genetic structure of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) and snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in selected areas and to determine the influence of the landscape features on observed structure. Non-invasive genetic samples of snow leopard from Nepal were analysed, as well as invasive and non-invasive samples of grey wolf from Central Europe. Population structure was determined a posteriori using Bayesian clustering approaches that integrate genetic and geographical data, and compared to landscape connectivity models. Population structure of snow leopards is mostly influenced by human presence and presence of frequented roads, which represent a substantial dispersal barrier. Habitat suitable for this species is greatly restricted by altitude, however, during dispersal they are able to overcome areas with higher elevation than what is optimal for them. Pronounced genetic difference was found between central European and Carpathian...
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Conservation genetics of grey wolf and snow leopard: effect of landscape attributes to the population structure
Benešová, Markéta ; Hulva, Pavel (advisor) ; Kreisinger, Jakub (referee)
Landscape genetic approaches allow to study effects of landscape to population microevolution. Landscape can influence gene flow even in large carnivores with good dispersal ability. Understanding the influence of landscape to the gene flow between populations is crucial for species conservation, especially in the species with low population densities. Aim of the study was to describe genetic structure of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) and snow leopard (Panthera uncia) in selected areas and to determine the influence of the landscape features on observed structure. Non-invasive genetic samples of snow leopard from Nepal were analysed, as well as invasive and non-invasive samples of grey wolf from Central Europe. Population structure was determined a posteriori using Bayesian clustering approaches that integrate genetic and geographical data, and compared to landscape connectivity models. Population structure of snow leopards is mostly influenced by human presence and presence of frequented roads, which represent a substantial dispersal barrier. Habitat suitable for this species is greatly restricted by altitude, however, during dispersal they are able to overcome areas with higher elevation than what is optimal for them. Pronounced genetic difference was found between central European and Carpathian...
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Habitat requirements of snow leopard and the level of landscape connectivity of Nepal and Tibet
Ležík, Jakub ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
Habitat requirements of snow leopard and the level of landscape connectivity of Nepal and Tibet Abstract This master's thesis deals with the issues of assessing habitat requirements of animals and the level of landscape connectivity for their movement. This dynamically developing branch of biogeography has a great potential for application in answering questions about species' conserving and for the understanding of landscape as functionally interconnected complex. In review part of this thesis there are summarized theoretical basics and practical methods of evaluating the level of landscape connectivity. Second part presents the analysis of habitat requirements of snow leopard (Panthera uncia) and the level of landscape connectivity of mountainous regions of Nepal and adjacent regions of India and Tibet for its movement. This rare felidae predator is endangered by increasing intensity of human activities in its geographic range as well as by global climate change, which leads to reduction of area of suitable habitat and its fragmentation. For effective conservation of this species it is necessary to understand snow leopard's living requirements and to delineate key areas for its survival. Results of the analysis are discussed with other published researches concerning this topic in final part of this...
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Breeding success of Snow Leopard, Ounce (Uncia uncia) in Zoological gardens.
FIALA, Václav
A snow leopard, specifically irbis (Uncia uncia), is considered as the most endangered species. There are many causes of decreasing population in the last twenty years. The most important are mainly loss of habitat and prey, poaching, agro farming, related conflicts with the natives, and last but not least bad legislation in some countries. Although, the protection has improved in recent years, it is still necessary to increase its efficiency, especially in legislation. Breeding in human care is also one of the most significant implements in protection. For effective breeding it is essential to understand the factors affecting its success. The main aim of my bachelor thesis is to evaluate the breeding success of irbis in the zoos all over the world (except Asia) from data obtained from the International Pedigree Book for Snow leopards (Uncia uncia). Furthermore, my next task is to describe the conditions of breeding in the Czech Republic and specify the chief factors determining the success of rearing. The following facts based on the study of the International Pedigree Book for Snow leopards (Uncia uncia) were ascertained: due to the small number of zoological gardens, there are initially large fluctuations in success of rearing. With the rising natality increases at the same time the mortality. The average success rate is 56,47 %. The percentage of deaths is still high. The breeding conditions in zoos of the Czech Republic revealed that the success of breeding is negatively affected by the high humidity and poorly prepared diet.
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